Glossary of Widely Used Financial Terms

Accounts Payable
A current liability of a company owed to creditors and/or suppliers for goods and services obtained in the normal course of business.

Accounts Receivable
Current assets owed to a company for services or goods sold to customers on credit.

Accreted Interest
The difference between par value of a zero coupon security and purchase price. Also called original issue discount. Yearly accreted interest is the amount of accreted interest "earned" each year that you hold a zero coupon investment.

Accrued Interest
The amount of interest that the buyer owes the seller on transactions involving fixed income securities, such as most bonds and notes.

Actual EPS, CPS, or DPS
Reported annual Earnings Per Share (EPS -Trailing 12 months), cash flow (CPS) or Dividends Per Share (DPS) for a company for the fiscal year indicated. For companies, which report on a quarterly basis, this information will contain the sum of the actual earnings, cash flow or dividends for the previous four quarters. For companies that report semi-annually, the field will contain the sum of the previous two semiannual actual.

Acquisition
The process of which, one firm or company buying another firm or company.

Adviser  
The firms’ primary person, responsible for a fund's day-to-day operation.

Aggressive Growth Funds
Mutual funds that focus on small-company stocks that have the potential for accelerated earnings.

Allocation
The process of deciding which investment (choice or combination of choices) best fits your goals, time horizons, and capital availability.

All-or-None (AON)
A type of order instructing the exchange or market maker to execute the entire order quantity at the stated price (or better) or none of it.

American Depository Receipt (ADR)
A security, created by a U.S. bank, that evidences ownership to a specified number of shares of a foreign security held in a depository in the issuing company's country of domicile. The certificate, transfer, and settlement practices for ADRs are identical to those for U.S. securities. U.S. investors often prefer ADRs to direct purchase of foreign shares because of the ready availability of price information, lower transaction costs, and timely dividend distribution.

AMEX
American Stock Exchange

Amortization
An accounting term indicates the appointment of an incurred expense over a period of time, such as the life of an asset.

Analyst
A person with expertise in evaluating financial investments; he or she performs investment research and makes recommendations to institutional and retail investors to buy, sell, or hold; most analysts specialize in a single industry or business sector.

Annual Report
An audited report of a corporation's year-end financial results and operations filed annually with the SEC. The report contains detailed information related to the company's financial condition, legal liabilities and plans for the upcoming year. Shareholders may obtain a free copy of this report from the corporation.

Arbitrage
Profiting from differences in the price of a single security that is traded on more than one market.

Arbitration
A method of settling a dispute by utilizing an impartial individual or individuals. All exchanges and securities associations have adopted a Code of Arbitration through which all disputes between firms, employees and firms, and firms and clearing corporations are settled
.

Ask
The price at which someone who owns a security offers to sell it; also known as the asked price.

Assets
Any possessions that has value in an exchange.

Asset Allocation
The percentage breakdown of how assets are invested in a portfolio. The primary asset categories of a portfolio are cash, bonds and stocks.

Asset Allocation Funds
Funds that seek to provide the optimal mix of stocks, bonds and cash at any given time.

Average Daily Share Volume
The number of shares traded per day, averaged over a period of time, usually one year.

Average Maturity
The average time to maturity of securities held by a mutual fund. Changes in interest rates have greater impact on funds with longer average life.